What is a card RFID?



At present, the technology most extended for the identi -

ficación of objects it is that of the bar codes. Nevertheless,

these present some disadvantages, as there are the scarce one

quantity of information that they can store and the impossibility

of being modified (rescheduled). The obvious progress that

it was designed, and that constitutes the origin of the technology RFID,

it was consisting of using chips of silicon that they could transfer


information that were storing the reader without physical contact (of form


equivalent to the readership of infrared used to read

the bar codes).



RFID (initials of Radio Frequency IDentification) is a system

of remote storage and data recovery that it uses

devices named chip, transpondedores or tags RFID.

The fundamental intention of the technology RFID is to transmit

the identity of an object (similar to the only serial number)

by means of radio waves. The technologies RFID gather together

inside named Edict GO (Automatic Identification,

or Automatic Identification).



A chip RFID is a small device, similar to a sticker,

that can be adherent or incorporated into a product, animal

or it presents itself. They contain antennas to allow them to receive and respon -

der to requests for radio frequency from an issuer - recipient

RFID. The passive chips do not need electrical feeding

he interns, while you activate them yes they need it. One of

advantages of the use of radio frequency (in place, for example, of

infrared) is that issuer does not need direct vision from himself between

and recipient.



Therefore, a system RFID consists of the following three

components:



- Chip RFID or transpondedor: composed by an antenna, one

transducer removed and an encapsulated material or chip. The propó -

situated of the antenna is to allow to the chip, which contains the infor -

mación, to transmit the information of identification of the chip.

Several types of chips exist. The chip possesses a memory

he interns with a capacity that depends on the model and changes of

a ten to thousands of bytes. Several types of memory exist:

      

Reading only: the code of identification that it contains is only

and it is personalized during the manufacture of the card.

Of reading and writing: the identification information can

to be modified by the reader.



- Reader of RFID or transceptor: composed by an antenna,

a transceptor and a decoder. The reader sends periódicamen -

distinguish yourself to see if there is some chip in his precincts.

When it receives a sign of a card (which contains

information of identification of this one), it extracts the information and

it spends it to itself to the subsystem of prosecution of information.



- Subsystem of prosecution of information: it provides

process means and storage of information.



ISO has developed RFID standards for the identification

automation and the management of objects. Several standards exist

related, like ISO 10536, ISO 14443 and ISO 15693,

but the series of standards definitely related with

RFID and the frequencies used in the above mentioned systems is

series 18000.